Editing Team Owners

Below listed are the majority (where applicable) (and prominent minority where available) team owners for each major league franchise.


== American Association ==

'''Athletic''' 1882-October 1887: Partnership- Lew Simmons, Billy Sharsig, and Charlie Mason (3)(30)<br>
'''Athletic''' October 1887-1890: Incorporated; H.C. Pennypacker, William Whitaker, Lew Simmons, and Billy Sharsig primary shareholders (club taken over by league late in 1890 season) (28)(30)<br><br>

'''Baltimore (1)''' 1882: Henry Myers  (1)<br><br>

'''Baltimore (2)''' 1883-1884: Billy Barnie and A.P. Houck (2)<br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' 1885-?: Billy Barnie (2)<br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' ?-1891: Harry Vonderhorst (3) (Vonderhorst became a minority investor sometime during the mid-1880's and gradually purchased additional shares, eventually becoming majority owner)<br>
Baltimore Base Ball and Exhibition Company incorporated 10/27/1890 by Harry Vonderhorst, Herman Vonderhorst, Billy Barnie, John Waltz, and William Belt per 11/1/1890 Sporting Life, p.1<br>
He maybe started in 1886 per 8/25/1886 SL, p. 1<br><br>

'''Boston 1891''': Charles Prince (3)<br><br>

'''Brooklyn (1)''' 1884-1889: Ferdinand Abell, Charles Byrne, and Joseph Doyle (3)<br><br>

'''Brooklyn (2)''' 1890: American Association (31)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (1)''' 1882-1883: Unknown.  Some sources say Justis Thorner; David Nemec's Beer and Whisky League has him as owning a small share in 1882 only.<br>
'''Cincinnati (1)''' 1884-Feb. 1886: Aaron Stern, George Herancourt, and Louis Kramer (corporate ownership) (19)  but Greg Rhodes, Cincinnati Reds team historian, reports that Herancourt was principal owner in 1885.<br>
'''Cincinnati (1)''' Feb. 1886-November 1886: John Hauck (21) (32)<br>
'''Cincinnati (1)''' November 1886-1889: Aaron Stern (3)      <br><br>

'''Cincinnati (2)''' 1891: Uncertain.  It was incorporated by Ed Renau, Henry Strauss, Charles Kauffman, George Munson, and E. W. Murphy per Sporting Life 3/21/1891, p. 3 but 7/11/1891 issue says other 7 clubs must bear its losses.  Chris Von Der Ahe owned 75% of club at time of sale to Milwaukee per 8/17/1891 Sporting Life.
<br><br>
'''Cleveland''' 1887-1888: Frank Robison (22)<br><br>

'''Columbus (1)''' 1883-1884: Unknown (possibly same as Allegheny per David Nemec's Beer and Whisky League, p.72)<br><br>

'''Columbus (2)''' 1889-1891: Ralph Lazarus and Conrad Born (25)<br><br>

'''Kansas City''' 1888: 40-50 shareholders, president Fred Heim (33)<br>
'''Kansas City''' 1888-1889: George Kitchum (3)<br><br>

'''Eclipse''' 1882-1883: J. H. Pank, president (6) <br>
Eclipse/Louisville 1883-1885: Will Jackson president (128)<br>
'''Louisville''' 1885-May? 1888: Zack Phelps president (6)<br>
'''Louisville''' May? 1888-July 5, 1889: Mordecai Davidson (24)<br>
'''Louisville''' July 1889-November 1891: Syndicate led by Lawrence Parsons, president; Parsons resigned and new investors were brought in mid-1891 (29) (6) (130)<br>
'''Louisville''' November 1891-: Syndicate led by Thomas Stuckey (130)<br><br>

'''Metropolitan''' 1883-1885: Metropolitan Exhibition Company, James Day principal<br>
'''Metropolitan''' 1886-1887: Erastus Wiman (4)<br>
'''Metropolitan''' October 1887: Ferdinand Abel, Charles Byrne, and Joseph Doyle (23)(34)<br><br>

'''Milwaukee''' 1891: Corporate ownership, Harry Gillette, president (3)<br><br>

'''Philadelphia''' 1891: J. Earle Wagner and George Wagner (7)<br><br>

'''Allegheny/Pittsburgh''' 1882-1886: Denny McKnight (18)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1886: Horace Phillips and William Nimick, others: corporate ownership (20)<br><br>

'''Rochester''' 1890: Henry Brinker (3)<br><br>

'''St. Louis''' 1882-1891: Chris Von Der Ahe (8) (3)<br><br>

'''Syracuse''' 1890: George K. Frazier (27)<br><br>

'''Toledo (1)''' 1884: Unknown<br><br>

'''Toledo (2)''' 1890: Valentino Ketcham (26)<br><br>

'''Virginia''' 1884: Unknown<br><br>

'''Washington (1)''' 1884: Unknown<br><br>

'''Washington (2)''' 1891: Unknown, many stockholders; H.B. Bennett president (35) (6)<br><br>



== American League ==

'''Baltimore (1)/New York''' 1901-1902: Sydney Frank majority owner (3)  AL took over club August 1902<br>
'''New York''' 1903-January 1915: Frank Farrell and Bill Devery (3)(37)<br>
'''New York''' January 1915-June 1, 1923: Jacob Ruppert and T. Huston (3)(36)<br>
'''New York''' June 1, 1923-January 13, 1939: Jacob Ruppert (3)(162)<br>
'''New York''' January 13, 1939-January 26, 1945: Jacob Ruppert heirs (Mrs. Joseph Holleran, Mrs. J. Basil Maguire, Helen Winthrope Weyant) (3) (39)<br>
'''New York''' January 26, 1945-October 7, 1947: Dan Topping, Del Webb, and Larry MacPhail (3) (38)<br>
'''New York''' October 7, 1947-November 2, 1964: Dan Topping and Del Webb (3) (40)<br>
'''New York''' November 2, 1964-January 3, 1973: Columbia Broadcasting System (3)(163)<br>
'''New York''' January 3, 1973- 1993: Partnership, George Steinbrenner principal (majority owner since 1976) (3)<br><br>

'''Boston''' 1901-January 1902: Charles Somers (41)<br>
'''Boston''' January 1902-April 18, 1904: Henry Killilea (3)<br>
'''Boston''' April 18, 1904-September 1911: Charles Taylor and John Taylor (3)(164)<br>
'''Boston''' September 1911- December 8, 1913: Jimmy McAleer and Robert McRoy (50%), Taylors (50%) (42)<br>
'''Boston''' December 8, 1913-May 14, 1914: Joseph Lannin (50%) and Taylors (50%) (43)<br>
'''Boston''' May 14, 1914-November 1, 1916: Joseph Lannin (44)<br>
'''Boston''' November 1, 1916-August 1, 1923: Harry Frazee and Hugh Ward (3)(165)<br>
'''Boston''' August 1, 1923-February 25, 1933: Syndicate led by Robert Quinn (3)(166)<br>
'''Boston''' February 25, 1933-1976: Tom Yawkey (3)(167)<br>
'''Boston''' 1976-1978: Tom Yawkey estate (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1978-March 30, 1987: Jean Yawkey, Haywood Sullivan, and Buddy LeRoux (3)(45)<br>
'''Boston''' March 30, 1987-February 26, 1992: JRY Corp. (owned by Jean Yawkey) (2/3), Haywood Sullivan (1/3) (46)<br>
'''Boston''' February 26, 1992-November 1993: JRY Corp and Haywood Sullivan (owned 12% at time of sale)  (ownership of JRY Corp. passed to John Harrington per 3/22/1992 Washington Post p. D9) (47)<br>
'''Boston''' November 1993: JRY Corp. (47)<br><br>

'''Los Angeles/California''' 1961-1983: Golden West Baseball Co., five other shareholders (3) (74)<br>
'''California''' 1983-1993: Gene Autry (10)<br><br>

'''Chicago''' 1901-1931: Charles Comiskey (3)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1931-July 18, 1939: Louis Comiskey (7450 shares) & Harry Grabiner (50 shares) (3)(48)(49)<br>
'''Chicago''' July 18, 1939-December 10, 1956: Grace Comiskey and children (all but 50 shares)  (First National Bank of Chicago was trustee from July 18, 1939 to February 17, 1941) (50) (3)<br>
'''Chicago''' December 10, 1956-February 18, 1959: Dorothy Comiskey Rigney (3975 shares) and Charles Comiskey (3475 shares) (3) (51)<br>
'''Chicago''' February 18, 1959-June 10, 1961: Bill Veeck-led syndicate (CBC Corporation) and Charles Comiskey (3) (52) (54)<br>
'''Chicago''' June 10 to December 11, 1961: Artnell Company and Charles Comiskey (55) (74)<br>
'''Chicago''' December 11, 1961- May 4, 1962: Artnell Company (majority owner) and RBR Corporation (Bill Bartholomay and 10 other owners) (minority share representing 2466 shares or 46%) (53) (55) (74)<br>
'''Chicago''' May 4, 1962- 1975: Artnell Company (53) (57) (74)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1975-February 2, 1981: Syndicate led by Bill Veeck (3) (56)<br>
'''Chicago''' February 2, 1981-1993: Eddie Einhorn-led syndicate including Jerry Reinsdorf (3)<br><br>

'''Cleveland''' 1901-1910: Charles Somers and Jack Kilfoyle (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1910-1916: Charles Somers (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1916-1922: Syndicate led by James Dunn (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1922-1927: Syndicate led by Mrs. James Dunn, later Mrs. George Pross (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1927-1946: Syndicate led by Alva Bradley (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1946-November 21, 1949: Syndicate led by Bill Veeck (3) (58)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1949-1956: Syndicate led by Ellis Ryan (3); Myron Wilson replaced Ryan December 1952 (59)<br>
'''Cleveland''' February? 1956-August 13, 1966: Syndicate led by William Daley (Daley and Ignatius O'Shaughnessy owned about 2/3 as of 12/1961) (3) (74)<br>
'''Cleveland''' August 13, 1966-1972: Vern Stouffer (3) (60)<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1972-February 3, 1978: Partnership led by Nick Mileti (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''' February 3, 1978- December 1986: Limited partnership led by F. J. (Steve) O'Neill (O'Neill interest inherited by charitable corporation 1983-86) (3) (61) (62)<br>
'''Cleveland''' December 1986-September 17, 1992: Richard and David Jacobs (3) (63)<br>
'''Cleveland''' September 17, 1992-1993: Richard Jacobs and David Jacobs estate? (64)<br><br>

'''Detroit''' 1901-1902: James Burns and George Stallings (49% each) (84)<br>
'''Detroit''' 1902-1903: Samuel Angus (3, 14)<br>
'''Detroit''' 1903-1920: William Yawkey (50%), Frank Navin (49%) (3) (65)  (Yawkey estate 3/5/1919-1920) (67)<br>
'''Detroit''' 1920-December 28, 1928: Frank Navin (50%) and Walter Briggs and John Kelsey (50%) (3) (66)<br>
'''Detroit''' December 28, 1928-1935: Frank Navin (50%) and Walter Briggs (50%) (176) <br>
'''Detroit''' 1935-1952: Walter Briggs (3)<br>
'''Detroit''' 1952-October 1, 1956: Walter Briggs estate (3)(178)<br>
'''Detroit''' October 1, 1956-October 1960: Syndicate led by John Fetzer (3) (80) (178)<br>
'''Detroit''' October 1960-1983: Fetzer Broadcasting Co. (74) <br>
'''Detroit''' 1983-1992: Tom Monaghan (3)<br>
'''Detroit''' 1992-1993: Mike Illitch (10)<br><br>

'''Kansas City (2)''' 1969-1983: Ewing Kaufman (3)<br>
'''Kansas City (2)''' 1983-1989: Ewing Kaufman-51%, Avron Fogelman 49% (3) <br>
'''Kansas City (2)''' 1989-1990: Ewing Kaufman-50%, Avron Fogelman 50% (3)<br>
'''Kansas City (2)''' 1990-1993: Ewing Kaufman (3)<br>
'''Kansas City (2)''' 1993: Greater Kansas City Community Foundation and Affiliated Trust (10)<br><br>

'''Milwaukee (1)''' 1901: Matthew and Henry Killelea and Fred Gross (11)  <br>
'''St. Louis''' 1902-January 4, 1916: Syndicate led by Robert L. Hedges (484 out of 800 shares) (3) (68)<br>
'''St. Louis''' January 4, 1916-1933: Phil Ball (2350 shares), Otto Stifel (733 shares), and James Garneau (109 shares) plus minor stockholders (3) (69)<br>
'''St. Louis''' 1933-1936: Philip Ball estate/heirs (3)<br>
'''St. Louis''' 1936-August 1945: Syndicate led by Donald Barnes; as of 1942 Barnes owned 31% of stock and Richard Muckerman owned 25% (3) (70)<br>
'''St. Louis''' August 1945-February 2, 1949: Richard Muckerman (56%) (3) (70)<br>
'''St. Louis''' February 2, 1949-1951: Bill and Charles DeWitt, majority owners (3) (71)<br>
'''St. Louis''' 1951-September 29, 1953: B.B. Company (78.5%)(3) (72) (73)<br>
'''St. Louis/Baltimore (2)''' September 29, 1953-1965: Syndicate led by Clarence Miles, over 2000 stockholders.  Joseph Iglehart, largest shareholder (32%) became chairman of board in 1955 (3) (74) (75) (76)<br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' 1965-August 2, 1979: National Brewing Co. and Zan Krieger owned 78% after Iglehart sold per 6/5/65 TSN p. 23,  in 1969 Baltimore Orioles, Inc. owned 75.76% of club; National Brewing Co. owned 65.93% of Baltimore Orioles, Inc.  (77) <br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' August 2, 1979-1988: Edward B. Williams (3)<br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' 1988-August 1993: Syndicate led by Eli Jacobs (3)<br>
'''Baltimore (2)''' August 1993: Syndicate led by Peter Angelos (Angelos owned about 50% and syndicate 80%) (79)<br><br>

'''Philadelphia''' 1901-October 20, 1902: Ben Shibe, Charles Somers, Connie Mack, and minor investors (15)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' October 20, 1902-November 1903: Ben Shibe, Connie Mack, and minor investors (15)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' 1903-October 22, 1912: Ben Shibe and sons (50%), Connie Mack (25%), Frank Hough and Sam Jones (25%)(17)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' October 22, 1912-August 28, 1950: Shibe family (50%) and Mack family (50%) (3)(171) (Connie Mack bought 18.8% of Shibe interest sometime after the deaths of John and Tom Shibe in 1937 (171))<br>
'''Philadelphia''' August 28, 1950-1954: Connie, Roy, and Earle Mack (3)(171)<br>
'''Kansas City''' 1955-1960: Arnold Johnson (3)<br>
'''Kansas City/Oakland''' 1960-September 1980: Charles O. Finley (3)<br>
'''Oakland''' September 1980-1993: Walter A. Haas, Jr., Walter J. Haas, and Roy Eisenhardt  (3) (81)<br><br>

'''Seattle (1)''' 1969: Syndicate led by Dewey Soriano, William Daley majority owner (3)<br>
'''Milwaukee (2)''' 1970-1993 Syndicate led by Bud Selig (3)
<br><br>

'''Seattle (2)''' 1977-February 1981: Syndicate led by Lester Smith and Danny Kaye (3) (83)<br>
'''Seattle (2)''' February 1981-1989: George Argyros (80%) (3) (82)<br>
'''Seattle (2)''' 1989-1992: Syndicate led by Jeff Smulyan (3)<br>
'''Seattle (2)''' 1992-1993: Syndicate led by Hiroshi Yamauchi (3)<br><br>

'''Toronto''' 1977-1991: Labatt's Breweries and Imperial Trust Ltd. owned 90% (3)(159)<br>
'''Toronto''' 1991-1993: John Labatt Ltd. (90%) (3)(160)<br><br>

'''Washington (1)''' 1901-1902: Ban Johnson majority owner per (3), Jimmy Manning Per (11) and (5) Manning fronting for Johnson per (17)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' 1902-1903: Fred Postal (14) (85)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' 1904-1912: Syndicate led by Thomas Noyes, Lambert, and Dwyer (80%), or American League (3) (158)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' 1912-December 1919: Same syndicate now led by Benjamin Minor (3)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' December 1919-December 1949: Clark Griffith (39.255%) and William Richardson (39.255%) initially.  Griffith owned about 45% as of July 1949. Richardson's shares passed to his brother George and then George's son William (3) (174)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' December 1949-1950: John Jachym and then H. Gabriel Murphy buy Richardson's share (3) (86)(175)<br>
'''Washington (1)''' 1950-October 1955: Clark Griffith and H. Gabriel Murphy (3)<br>
'''Washington (1)/Minnesota''' 1955-1984: Calvin Griffith, Mrs. Joe Haynes, and their siblings (48% initially, 51.1% in late 1961) and H. Gabriel Murphy (40%) (3) (74) (86)<br>
'''Minnesota''' 1984-1993: Carl Pohlad (3)<br><br>

'''Washington (2)''' 1961-February 1963: Syndicate led by Pete Quesada, 10 equal owners (3) (74)<br>
'''Washington (2)''' February 1963- January 1965: James Johnston, James Lemon, and George Bunker (80% collectively) (87)<br>
'''Washington (2)''' January 1965-December 28, 1967: James Johnston and James Lemon (100%) (88) (89)<br>
'''Washington (2)''' December 28, 1967-January 28, 1969: James Lemon and James Johnston estate (89) (90)<br>
'''Washington (2)/Texas''' January 28, 1969-1974 Bob Short (3) (91)<br>
'''Texas''' 1974-1980: Syndicate led by Brad Corbett (3)<br>
'''Texas''' 1980-1989: Syndicate led by Eddie Chiles (3)<br>
'''Texas''' 1989-1993: Syndicate led by George W. Bush (3)<br><br>

== National League ==

'''Baltimore''' 1892-1898:  Harry Von der Horst (3)<br>
'''Baltimore''' 1899: Ferdinand Abel, Harry Von Der Horst, Charles Ebbets, and Ned Hanlon (3)<br><br>

'''Boston''' 1876: Many owners, Nathaniel Apollonio president (92)<br>
'''Boston''' 1877-1904: Arthur Soden, James Billings, and William Conant (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1904-1906: Arthur Soden and William Conant (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1906-1910: John and George Dovey and John Harris (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1910-1911: Syndicate led by William H. Russell (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1911-1916: James Gaffney (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1916-1919: Syndicate led by Percy Houghton (3)<br>
'''Boston''' 1919-February 20, 1923: George W. Grant (3) (93)<br>
'''Boston''' February 20, 1923-July 31, 1935: Syndicate led by Judge Emil Fuchs (3)<br>
'''Boston''' July 31, 1935-April 20, 1941: Charles Adams (73%) (10) (94)  Note-  Taken over by NL
November 26, 1935 and control given to Bob Quinn December 31, 1935, but Adams retained ownership (95) (96) (97)<br>
'''Boston''' April 20, 1941-January 21, 1944: Syndicate led by Bob Quinn (3) (97)<br>
'''Boston''' January 21,1944-1951: Lou Perini, Guido Rugo, and Joseph Maney (98); Perini majority owner after 1946 season (100)<br>
'''Boston''' 1951-November 26, 1952: Lou Perini and brothers (55%) and Joseph Maney (20%) (3) (99)<br>
'''Boston/Milwaukee''' November 26, 1952-November 16, 1962: B. Perini & Sons, Inc. (99) later known as Perini Corp. (99.88%) (74) (100)<br>
'''Milwaukee/Atlanta''' November 16, 1962-1976: Syndicate led by William Bartholomay and Thomas Reynolds (3) (100)<br>
'''Atlanta''' 1976-1993: Ted Turner<br><br>

'''Brooklyn''' 1890-January 1892: Ferdinand Abell (50%), Charles Byrne (20%), and Joseph Doyle (30%) (3) (101) PL team owners bought minority share (37%) in 1891 <br>
'''Brooklyn''' January 1892-January 1898: Ferdinand Abell (51%), Charles Byrne (12%), Players League team owners (37%) (101) (102)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1898: Ferdinand Abell and Charles Ebbets (88%), estate of Charles Byrne (12%) (103)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1899-1902: Ferdinand Abell, Harry Von Der Horst, Charles Ebbets, and Ned Hanlon (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1902-1912: Charles Ebbets (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1912-1925: Charles Ebbets, Ed McKeever, Steve McKeever (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1925-1944: Ebbets and McKeever families (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1944-1945: Ebbets family, Mrs. Jim Mulvey, Walter O'Malley group (O'Malley, Branch Rickey, and John L. Smith)(177) (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''' 1945-1950: Walter O'Malley group and Mrs. Jim Mulvey (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn/Los Angeles''' 1950-1957: Walter O'Malley (50%), John Smith heirs (25%), Mrs. Jim Mulvey and heirs (25%) (3)(177)<br>
'''Los Angeles''' 1957-August 1979: Walter O'Malley, Mrs. Jim Mulvey and heirs (3)<br>
'''Los Angeles''' August 1979-1993: Peter O'Malley and Teresa Seidler (3) (104)<br><br>

'''Buffalo''' 1879-1885: Various stockholders, purchased by Detroit directors in late 1885 (119)<br><br>

'''Chicago''' 1876-1882: William Hulbert  principal shareholder (10)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1882-December 1892: Albert G. Spalding and John R. Walsh (10) (105)<br>
'''Chicago''' December 1892-November 1905: Syndicate led by James Hart (10) (105)<br>
'''Chicago''' November 1905-February 1914: Syndicate led by Charles Murphy (3) (108)<br>
'''Chicago''' February 1914-1915: Syndicate led by Charles Taft (who bought Murphy's 53%) (106) (111)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1916-1918: Syndicate led by Charles Weeghman (3)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1918-1932: William Wrigley (3)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1932-1977: Philip K. Wrigley (3)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1977: Helen and Bill Wrigley (109)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1977-1981: Bill Wrigley (81.37%); Michael Frank (.03%)(3) (168) (169)<br>
'''Chicago''' 1981-1993: Tribune Company (3)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (1)''' 1876-1877: Si Keck (107)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (2)''' 1877-1879: Eight businessmen (107)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (3)''' 1880: Unknown, Justis Thorner first, then W.C. Kennett president (110)(173)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (4)''' 1890: Aaron Stern (3)<br><br>

'''Cincinnati (5)''' 1891-1902: John T. Brush (3) (12)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' 1902-September 25, 1929: Syndicate led by Max and Julius Fleischmann, including Garry Herrmann. Largest shareholder at end:Lou Widrig (41.67%) (3) (172)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' September 25, 1929-1933: Sidney Weil (53%) (3)(172)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' 1933-1934: Central Trust Company (3)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' 1934-1961: Syndicate led by Powell Crosley (3)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' 1961-April 1962: Crosley Foundation (77%) (3) (74) (114)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' April 1962-December 5, 1966: Cincinnati Reds, Inc., Bill DeWitt principal owner (3) (112) (113)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' December 5, 1966-February? 1981: 617, Inc, (3)  (Louis Nippert acquired majority control of 617, Inc. in January 1973) (117)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' February? 1981- December 21, 1984: Partnership led by James and William Williams (116)<br>
'''Cincinnati (5)''' December 21, 1984-1993: Marge Schott (3) (115) <br><br>

'''Cleveland''' 1889-1891: Frank Robison?<br>
'''Cleveland''' 1892-1899: Frank and Stanley Robison? (179)<br><br>

'''Colorado''' 1993: Colorado Baseball Partnership, John Antonucci principal (3)<br><br>

'''Detroit''' 1881-1884: Walter G. Thompson (6) (120)
Detroit 1884-September 1886: Numerous shareholders (118)<br>
'''Detroit''' September 1886-1888: Group headed by Fred Stearns (3) (118)<br><br>

'''Florida''' 1993: South Florida Big League Baseball, Inc., H. Wayne Huizenga principal (3)<br><br>

'''Hartford''' 1876-1877: Morgan Bulkley (3)<br><br>

'''Houston''' 1962-1963: Houston Sports Association, Craig Culinen principal, 12 stockholders (3) (74)<br>
'''Houston''' 1963-1965: Houston Sports Association, R. E. Smith principal, owned 63% in 1965 (121)<br>
'''Houston''' 1965-June 1975: Houston Sports Association, Roy Hofheinz majority owner (121). By June 1975 Astrodomain Corp., wholly owned by Hofheinz family, owned 98% by June 1975 of Houston Sports Authority (122)<br>
'''Houston''' June 1975-1979: Houston Sports Authority, owned by Astrodomain Corp., which was controlled by GE Credit Corp., Ford Motor Credit Corp., and HNC Realty (122) (per (123) GE sold to Ford in November 1978 which became sole owner)<br>
'''Houston''' 1979-November 1992: Houston Sports Authority, owned by Astrodomain Corp., owned by syndicate led by John McMullen (123)<br>
'''Houston''' November 1992-1993: Drayton McLane (9) (124)<br><br>

'''Indianapolis (1)''' 1878: Unknown<br><br>

'''Indianapolis (2)''' 1887-1889 John T. Brush, A.J. Treat, and G.W. Burnham (3)<br><br>

'''Kansas City''' 1886: Unknown, Fred Heim president (33)<br><br>

'''Louisville (1)''' 1876-1877: Walter Haldeman (3)<br><br>

'''Louisville (2)''' -November 1892: Syndicate led by Thomas Stuckey (130)<br>
'''Louisville (2)''' November 1892-1894: Same syndicate, Fred Drexler president; J. G. Ruckstuhl owned 21 shares, Drexler had 14, and Stuckey owned 13. (6) (129) (140)<br>
'''Louisville (2)''' 1894-1897: Same syndicate, Thomas Stuckey president; Frank Fehr Brewing Co. largest shareholder (6) (131)<br>
'''Louisville (2)''' January 1897-1899: Charley Dehler, J. F. Kellner, and estate of J.G. Ruckstuhl owned controlling interest; Barney Dreyfus had largest individual share. (132) (134)<br>
'''Louisville (2)''' 1899: Barney Dreyfus.  Unknown when Dreyfus acquired majority interest. (133)<br><br>

'''Milwaukee''' 1878: Unknown<br><br>

'''Montreal''' 1969-1990: Syndicate led by Charles Bronfman and John McHale (3)<br>
'''Montreal''' 1990-1993: Syndicate led by Charles Brochu (3)<br><br>

'''Mutual''' 1876: William Cammeyer (3) (107)<br><br>

'''New York (1)''' 1883-October 1890: Metropolitan Exhibition Company, John B. Day principal  (125)<br>
'''New York (1)''' October 1890-1895: Merged with NY PL team- Talcott et. al.  Talcott became managing director at some point before December 1894 per 12/22/94 SL p. 2 (125), Van Cott president per 1/6/94 SL p. 3, name of controlling corporation changed to National Exhibition Co. at some point, at merger?<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1895-1902: National Exhibition Company, owned by Andrew Freedman (3)<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1902-1912: National Exhibition Company, owned by John T. Brush (3)<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1912-1919: National Exhibition Company, owned by Brush family (3)<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1919-1928: National Exhibition Company, owned by Charles Stoneham, Francis McQuade, and John McGraw (3)<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1928-1934: National Exhibition Company, owned by Charles Stoneham and John McGraw (3)<br>
'''New York (1)''' 1934-1936: National Exhibition Company, owned by Charles Stoneham (3)<br>
'''New York (1)/San Francisco''' 1936-1976: National Exhibition Company, owned by Horace Stoneham (3) (127)  NEC owned by Third Securities Company per 2/6/57 TSN p. 18<br>
'''San Francisco''' 1976-1977: Bob Lurie (51%) and Bud Herseth (49%) (3)<br>
'''San Francisco''' 1977-1992: Bob Lurie (3)<br>
'''San Francisco''' 1992-1993: Syndicate led by Peter Magowan (3)<br><br>

'''New York (2)''' 1962-1975: Joan Payson (3)<br>
'''New York (2)''' 1975-1980: Joan Payson estate/heirs (3)<br>
'''New York (2)''' 1980-November 14, 1986: Syndicate led by Doubleday and Company (3)<br>
'''New York (2)''' November 14, 1986-1993: Nelson Doubleday and Fred Wilpon (3) (161)<br><br>

'''Athletic''' 1876: B. W. Thompson (3)<br><br>

'''Philadelphia''' 1883-February 28, 1903: Alfred Reach and Col. John Rogers (10) (135) (3)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' February 28, 1903-March 2, 1909: Syndicate led by James Potter (135) (141)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' March 2, 1909-November 1909: Syndicate including Israel Durham, James McNichol, and Clarence Wolf (bought 75.6%) (140)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' November 1909-January 15, 1913: Syndicate led by Horace Fogel; including Charles Murphy and Charles Taft; the latter owned 99.6% of stock at time of sale to Locke syndicate. (3) (141) (143)  Murphy regained interest when Locke died and sold to Baker per 11/28/1914 SL, p. 1 <br>
'''Philadelphia''' January 15, 1913-August 1915: Syndicate led by William Locke, Locke died and was replaced by William Baker in August 1913; Locke and Baker owned 51% of stock (3) (69)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' August 1915-1930: Frederick Chandler, Col. Thomas Murphy, and Lewis Ruch purchased Locke's stock and with Baker owned 65%. (69)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' 1930-February 6, 1936: Mrs. Laura Baker (15.14%), Lewis Ruch (26%) and Mae Nugent (10%) (3) (137) (144) (145) (146) (155)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' February 6, 1936-February 9,1943: Mae Nugent and Gerald Nugent (3) (137)<br>
'''Philadelphia'''  February 9-March 3, 1943: National League (138)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' March 3- November 23, 1943: Syndicate led by William Cox (93.8%) (3) (136) (139)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' November 23, 1943-1981: Bob Carpenter, Sr. and Jr. (originally owned 9000 of 19,500 shares per 11/24/1943 New Orleans Times-Picayune, p. 14) (3)<br>
'''Philadelphia''' 1981-1993: Syndicate led by William Giles (3)<br><br>

'''Pittsburgh''' 1887-November 1891: Horace Phillips and William Nimick, E. Converse, others: corporate ownership (3) (10) (20) (148)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' November 1891-January 1893: William Temple (400 shares), others (147) 850 shares outstanding per 1/7/93 TSN p. 1<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' January 1893-1899: Phil Auten and William Kerr (149)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1900- Febraury 18, 1901: Barney Dreyfuss and Auten and Kerr (3)(170)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' February 18, 1901-1932: Barney Dreyfuss (3)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1932-1946: Mrs. Barney Dreyfuss (3)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1946-1950: Syndicate led by Frank McKinney (3)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1950-1983: John Galbreath and Tom Johnson (3)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1983-1985: John Galbreath (51%) and Warner Communication (49%) (3)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''' 1985-1993: Syndicate led by Westinghouse (3)<br><br>

'''Providence''' 1878-1885: Henry Root (3)<br><br>

'''San Diego''' 1969-1974: Syndicate led by C. Arnholdt Smith (3)<br>
'''San Diego''' 1974-1984: Ray Kroc (3)<br>
'''San Diego''' 1984-1990: Joan Kroc (3)<br>
'''San Diego''' 1990-1993: Syndicate led by Tom Warner<br><br>

'''St. Louis (1)''' 1876-1877: Many stockholders, John B.C. Lucas president (151)<br><br>

'''St. Louis (2)''' 1885-1886: Henry Lucas (3)<br><br>

'''St. Louis (3)''' 1892-1898: Chris Von Der Ahe (3)<br> 
'''St. Louis''' 1899: Edward Becker aquired team from VDA and sold majority interest to Robisons (154)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' 1899-1905: Frank and Stanley Robison; Edward Becker minority owner through 1917 per Jeffrey Kittel (3)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' 1905-1911: Stanley Robison (3)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' 1911-1917: Helene Britton (3)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' 1917-1920: Syndicate led by James Jones (3)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' 1920-November 1947: Sam Breadon (3) (152)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' November 1947-January 1949: Fred Saigh and Bob Hannegan (3) (153)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' January 1949- March 1953: Fred Saigh (3)<br>
'''St. Louis (3)''' March 1953-1993: August A. Busch & Co. (3) (74)<br><br>

'''Syracuse''' 1879: Unknown<br><br>

'''Troy''' 1879-1882: Unknown<br><br>

'''Washington (1)''' 1886-1889: Robert and Walter Hewitt; other stockholders include  Mike Scanlon, A. Britton, H. Bennett, C. White, R. Drinkard, and R. Brown (3) (156)<br><br>

'''Washington (2)''' 1892-1899: George Wagner (35)<br><br>

'''Worcester''' 1880-1882: Unknown<br><br>

== Player's National League 1890 ==

'''Boston''': Charles Prince (3)<br>
'''Brooklyn''': Wendell Goodwin, John Walles, and Edward Linton (3)<br>
'''Buffalo''': Jack Rowe and Deacon White (3)<br>
'''Chicago''': John Addison (3)<br>
'''Cleveland''': Al Johnson (3)<br>
'''New York''': E. B. Talcott, principal; Edwin McAlpin, T. Robinson, and Cornelius Van Cott other owners (126)<br>
'''Philadelphia''': J. Earle and George Wagner (157)<br>
'''Pittsburgh''': Phil Auten, later Addison (150); William Kerr, H. Rea and William McCallin?<br><br>

----


(1) 1896 Reach Guide<br>
(2) 11/8/1884 New York Clipper<br>
(3) Quirk, James and Rodney D. Fort, ''Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports'', Princeton University Press, 1992, pp. 378-408<br>
(4) Seymour, Harold, ''Baseball The Early Years'', Oxford U Press, 1969, p. 214<br>
(5) 12/27/1889 Philadelphia Inquirer<br>
(6) Total Baseball, HarperCollins Publishers, 1993, pp. 2257-2259<br>
(7) 1/18/1891 Philadelphia Inquirer<br>
(8) 3/7/1882 St. Louis Globe-Democrat<br>
(9) Vrooman, John, "A Unified Theory of Capital and Labor Markets," Southern Economic Journal 63 no. 3, Jan 1997, pp 608-10<br>
(10) Purdy, Dennis, ''The Team by Team Encylopedia of Major League Baseball'', Workman Pub, 2006<br>
(11) Reidenbaugh, Lowell, ''Take Me Out to the Ballpark''<br>
(12) 2/15/1891 Philadelphia Inquirer<br>
(13) “A Structure to Last Forever” by Ethan M. Lewis, http://www.ethanlewis.org/pl/ch1.html<br>
(14) Macht, Norman L., ''Connie Mack and the Early Years of Baseball'', University of Nebraska Press, 2007, p. 260<br>
(15) ibid, p. 203<br>
(16) ibid, p. 568<br>
(17) ibid, p. 232<br>
(18) Nemec, David, ''The Beer and Whisky League'', Lyons & Burford, 1994, p. 54<br>
(19) ibid, p.66<br>
(20) ibid, pp.111, 118<br>
(21) ibid, p. 112<br>
(22) ibid, p. 133<br>
(23) ibid, p. 140<br>
(24) ibid, pp. 151, 172<br>
(25) ibid, p. 167<br>
(26) ibid, p. 186<br>
(27) ibid, p. 188<br>
(28) ibid, p. 192<br>
(29) ibid, pp. 224, 172<br>
(30) Sporting Life, 11/2/1887, p. 1<br>
(31) Sporting Life, 8/30/1890, p. 1<br>
(32) Sporting Life, 11/3/1886, p. 5<br>
(33) Sporting Life, 1/25/1888, pp. 1-2<br>
(34) Sporting Life, 10/12/1887, p. 1<br>
(35) Sporting Life, 12/19/1891, p. 1<br>
(36) Washington Post, 6/1/1923, p. 14<br>
(37) New York Times, 1/31/1915, p. S1<br>
(38) Los Angeles Times, 10/8/1947, p. 13<br>
(39) Chicago Daily Tribune, 1/27/1945, p. 15<br>
(40) Washington Post, 11/3/1964, p. B2<br>
(41) Washington Post, 2/2/1902, p.24<br>
(42) Washington Post, 9/16/1911, p. 8<br>
(43) Boston Daily Globe, 12/9/1913, p. 6<br>
(44) Hartford Courant, 5/14/1914, p. 18<br>
(45) Chicago Tribune, 3/31/1987, p. C9<br>
(46) New York Times, 2/27/1992, p. B15<br>
(47) New York Times, 11/27/1993, p. S3<br>
(48) New York Times, 7/19/1939, p. 26<br>
(49) Chicago Daily Tribune, 2/22/1940, p. 29<br>
(50) Chicago Daily Tribune, 12/11/1956, p. C1<br>
(51) Chicago Daily Tribune, 12/22/1956, p. A1<br>
(52) Chicago Daily Tribune, 2/18/1959, p. C1<br>
(53) Washington Post, 5/5/1962, p. C3<br>
(54) Chicago Sunday Tribune, 6/11/1961, p. A1<br>
(55) Chicago Daily Tribune, 12/16/1961, p. B1<br>
(56) Hartford Courant, 2/4/1981, p. D6<br>
(57) Washington Post, 9/26/1969, p. D2<br>
(58) Washington Post, 11/22/1949, p. B6<br>
(59) Sporting News, 12/31/1959, p. 20<br>
(60) Sporting News, 8/27/1966, p. 5<br>
(61) Sporting News, 2/25/1978, p. 46<br>
(62) New York Times, 9/16/1983, p. A16<br>
(63) Sporting News, 4/27/1992, p. 26<br>
(64) Sporting News, 1/4/1993, p. S-23<br>
(65) Sporting Life, 2/1/1908, p. 9<br>
(66) Chicago Sunday Tribune, 3/21/1920, p. A1<br>
(67) Washington Post, 2/3/1920, p. 9<br>
(68) Sporting Life, 1/15/1916, p. 12<br>
(69) Sporting Life, 2/19/1916, p. 7<br>
(70) Sporting News, 8/16/1945, p. 5<br>
(71) Sporting News, 2/9/1949, p. 2<br>
(72) Sporting News, 4/29/1953, p. 4<br>
(73) Sporting News, 10/7/1953, p. 3<br>
(74) Sporting News, 12/13/1961, p. 11<br>
(75) Sporting News, 11/30/1955, p. 7<br>
(76) Sporting News, 5/8/1965, p. 8<br>
(77) Sporting News, 2/15/1969, p. 28<br>
(78) Sporting News, 8/18/1979, p. 6<br>
(79) Sporting News, 8/16/1993, p. 25<br>
(80) Sporting News, 10/19/1960, p. 1<br>
(81) Sporting News, 9/13/1980, p. 41<br>
(82) Sporting News, 2/14/1981, p. 45<br>
(83) Sporting News, 2/28/1976, p. 32<br>
(84) Sporting Life, 12/22/1900, p. 5<br>
(85) Sporting Life, 11/15/1902, p. 7<br>
(86) Sporting News, 11/9/1955, p. 2<br>
(87) Sporting News, 2/16/1963, p. 7<br>
(88) Sporting News, 1/23/1965, p. 18<br>
(89) Sporting News, 1/20/1968, p. 32<br>
(90) Sporting News, 2/28/1969, p. 30<br>
(91) Sporting News, 4/27/1974, p. 34<br>
(92) Chicago Daily Tribune, 12/24/1876, p. 3<br>
(93) Los Angeles Times, 2/21/1923, p. III1<br>
(94) Chicago Daily Tribune, 8/1/1935, p. 25<br>
(95) Chicago Daily Tribune, 11/27/1935, p. 21<br>
(96) Washington Post, 1/1/1936, p. 19<br>
(97) Los Angeles Times, 4/21/1941, p. 19<br>
(98) New York Times, 1/22/1944, p. 16<br>
(99) Sporting News, 12/3/1952, p. 15<br>
(100) Sporting News, 12/1/1962, p. 11<br>
(101) Sporting Life, 1/16/1892, p. 2<br>
(102) Sporting Life, 1/8/1898, p. 5<br>
(103) Sporting News, 2/19/1898, p. 7<br>
(104) Sporting News, 9/8/1979, p. 56<br>
(105) Chicago Daily Tribune, 12/18/1892, p. 6<br>
(106) Sporting Life, 2/28/1914, p. 3<br>
(107) Seymour, op. cit., p. 88<br>
(108) Stout, Glenn, ''The Cubs'', Houghton Mifflin, 2007, p.44<br>
(109) ibid, p. 308<br>
(110) “From Semipro to the National League: A Cincinnati Story” by Frederick Ivor-Campbell, Nineteenth Century Notes, No. 99:1, Winter 1999, pp. 1-2<br>
(111) Stout, op. cit., p. 80<br>
(112) Chicago Tribune, 12/6/1966, p. C1<br>
(113) Chicago Daily Tribune, 3/24/1962, p. E1<br>
(114) Sporting News, 4/11/1962, p. 23<br>
(115) New York Times, 12/22/1984, p. 19<br>
(116) Sporting News, 2/28/1981, p. 39<br>
(117) Sporting News, 1/27/1973, p. 39<br>
(118) Sporting Life, 10/6/1886, p. 1<br>
(119) Sporting Life, 9/23/1885, p. 1<br>
(120) Sporting Life, 12/9/1885, p. 1<br>
(121) Sporting News, 12/15/1973, p. 47<br>
(122) Sporting News, 7/12/1975, p. 15<br>
(123) Sporting News, 5/26/1979, p. 34<br>
(124) Sporting News, 11/9/1992, p. 45<br>
(125) Hardy, James D., Jr., ''The New York Giants Base Ball Club'', McFarland & Company, Inc., 1996, p. 32<br>
(126) ibid, pp. 123-4<br>
(127) Sporting News, 7/2/1942, p. 19<br>
(128) Nemec, op.cit., p. 67<br>
(129) Sporting Life, 11/26/1892, p. 2<br>
(130) Sporting Life, 1/23/1892, p. 11<br>
(131) Sporting Life, 12/29/1894, p. 6<br>
(132) Sporting Life, 1/16/1897, p. 4<br>
(133) Sporting Life, 2/25/1899, p. 7<br>
(134) Sporting Life, 1/9/1897,  p. 2<br> 
(135) Sporting Life, 3/7/1903, p. 4<br>
(136) Sporting News, 2/25/1943, p. 1<br>
(137) Sporting News, 10/22/1942, p. 7<br>
(138) Hartford Courant, 2/11/1943, p. 13<br>
(139) New York Times, 11/24/1943, p. 24<br>
(140) Sporting Life, 12/31/1892, p. 4<br>
(141) Sporting Life, 3/9/1909, p. 1<br>
(142) Sporting Life, 12/4/1909, p. 6<br>
(143) Sporting Life, 1/25/1913, p. 6<br>
(144) Hartford Courant, 12/5/1931, p. 5<br>
(145) New York Times, 11/8/1932, p. 31<br>
(146) Clearfield Progress, 12/11/1930, p. 7<br>
(147) Sporting Life, 11/28/1891, p. 10<br>
(148) Sporting Life, 12/27/1890, p. 3<br>
(149) Sporting Life, 1/28/1893, p. 13<br>
(150) Sporting Life, 1/28/1893, p. 3<br>
(151) http://thisgameofgames.blogspot.com/search/label/Charles Fowle<br>
(152) Sporting News, 1/21/1948, p. 3<br>
(153) Sporting News, 2/2/1949, p. 5<br>
(154) http://thisgameofgames.blogspot.com/search/label/Edward Becker<br>
(155) New York Times, 2/7/1936, p.19<br>
(156) Sporting Life, 2/10/1886, p. 3<br>
(157) Sporting Life, 10/4/1890, p. 5<br>
(158) Sporting Life, 5/14/1904, p. 4<br>
(159) Sporting News, 1/7/1991, p. 64<br>
(160) Sporting News, 11/11/1991, p. 36<br>
(161) http://www.hardballtimes.com/main/blog_article/silver-anniversary-shake-up-in-mets-ownership/ <br>
(162) New York Times, 1/15/1939, p. 7<br>
(163) Washington Post, 1/4/1973, p. F1<br>
(164) Washington Post, 4/19/1904, p. 8<br>
(165) New York Times, 11/2/1916, p. 14<br>
(166) Washington Post, 8/2/1923, p. 14<br>
(167) Boston Sunday Globe, 2/26/1933, p. A1<br>
(168) <i>Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders</i>, January 10, 1979<br>
(169) Chicago National League Ball Club Stock Certificate #3036<br>
(170) Washington Post, 2/19/1901<br>
(171) Warrington, Robert D., "Departure Without Dignity", Baseball Research Journal Vol 39, No. 2, page 100 <br>
(172) Allen, Lee, <u>The Cincinnati Reds</u>, 1948, G. P. Putnam's Sons, pp. 205-6<br>
(173) Helander, Brock, "Prelude to the Formation of the American Association", The National Pastime, 2013<br>
(174) Povich, Shirley, "This Morning", Washington Post, 7/19/1949, p. 15 <br>
(175) Povich, Shirley, "This Morning", Washington Post, 12/23/1949, p. B4 <br>
(176) Boston Globe, 12/31/1928, p. 5<br>
(177) Spatz, Lyle, editor, <u>The Team That Forever Changed Baseball and America</u>, 2012, University of Nebraska and the Society for American Baseball Research<br>
(178) Spoestra, Warren, "'Hard Work And Money' to be Placed Behind Team", Sporting News, p. 3<br>
(179) Sporting Life, 10/22/1892, p. 10<br>